Last reviewed September 6, 2026
Overview: TN allows eligible Canadian and Mexican citizens to perform prearranged professional work in the United States in a profession listed under USMCA. It has no annual cap, but the occupation, credentials, employer arrangement and temporary purpose must all qualify.
The official profession list
Canadian or Mexican permanent residence is not enough; the principal applicant must be a citizen. The listed profession determines the minimum credentials. Many professions require a specific degree; some allow expressly listed alternatives. Experience does not replace a degree unless the applicable provision allows it.
The actual duties must fit the profession. A software-development job does not automatically qualify as a computer systems analyst position. Calling a general business role “management consultant” does not establish eligibility either. A different title does not change the actual duties or their classification.
The work must be prearranged for a qualifying U.S. or foreign employer. TN is not a route to enter the country to search for a job or to conduct prohibited self-employment. Ownership, control and client arrangements need close review where the applicant has a business interest.
Evidence for the profession and employment
The employer letter identifies the profession, detailed duties, place of work, temporary duration, compensation and required credentials. Supporting records include citizenship evidence, degrees and transcripts, necessary credential evaluations and experience letters where an allowed qualification route relies on experience.
Professional licensing and immigration classification are separate questions. Even where a license is not required to establish TN classification, the person must have any license legally required before performing the regulated work.
Example: a Canadian accountant with the listed qualification and a defined accounting assignment has a different case from a Canadian citizen with a general business degree offered an unrelated operations role.
Canadian and Mexican application routes differ
Canadian citizens generally do not need a TN visa. They may apply for TN admission at an eligible port of entry or preclearance location with the required documents and fee. An employer can also use Form I-129 in appropriate circumstances. Port-specific procedures and additional examination can affect processing; same-day approval is not guaranteed.
Mexican citizens generally first apply for a TN visa at a U.S. consulate using DS-160 and supporting evidence, then apply for admission. The visa does not guarantee admission or establish the I-94 end date.
For either nationality, an eligible person already in the United States may use the USCIS change or extension procedure. The approval notice distinguishes a grant of status from a petition approved for processing abroad.
Starting work and maintaining status
The I-94 records the admission period. TN can be granted for up to three years, depending on the approved assignment. Extensions are possible while the requirements continue; each application must remain consistent with temporary entry.
Work is employer-specific. A new or additional employer requires the appropriate approval or admission procedure before work begins. A new contract alone does not authorize employment, and H-1B portability cannot simply be applied to TN.
Employer letters and approval documents establish the authorized arrangement. Major changes in duties, employer or assignment can require a new immigration process. After job loss, an eligible discretionary grace period may allow time for another lawful option, but it does not authorize unrestricted employment.
Family and permanent-residence plans
A spouse and unmarried children under 21 may qualify for TD, regardless of their citizenship. TD permits study but does not authorize employment. Whether a family member needs a visa depends on their nationality and circumstances. The principal Canadian worker’s exemption does not automatically cover every relative.
TN requires temporary intent and is not treated the same as H-1B’s dual-intent category. A green-card plan needs separate eligibility and careful timing, particularly for future travel or admission requests. TN status itself never becomes a green card automatically.
Official sources
- Department of State: TN and TD application guidance
- USCIS: TN professionals
- USAGov: professional work under TN